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package HTTP::Headers::Util;
use strict;
use warnings;
our $VERSION = '6.18';
use base 'Exporter';
our @EXPORT_OK=qw(split_header_words _split_header_words join_header_words);
sub split_header_words {
my @res = &_split_header_words;
for my $arr (@res) {
for (my $i = @$arr - 2; $i >= 0; $i -= 2) {
$arr->[$i] = lc($arr->[$i]);
}
}
return @res;
}
sub _split_header_words
{
my(@val) = @_;
my @res;
for (@val) {
my @cur;
while (length) {
if (s/^\s*(=*[^\s=;,]+)//) { # 'token' or parameter 'attribute'
push(@cur, $1);
# a quoted value
if (s/^\s*=\s*\"([^\"\\]*(?:\\.[^\"\\]*)*)\"//) {
my $val = $1;
$val =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g;
push(@cur, $val);
# some unquoted value
}
elsif (s/^\s*=\s*([^;,\s]*)//) {
my $val = $1;
$val =~ s/\s+$//;
push(@cur, $val);
# no value, a lone token
}
else {
push(@cur, undef);
}
}
elsif (s/^\s*,//) {
push(@res, [@cur]) if @cur;
@cur = ();
}
elsif (s/^\s*;// || s/^\s+//) {
# continue
}
else {
die "This should not happen: '$_'";
}
}
push(@res, \@cur) if @cur;
}
@res;
}
sub join_header_words
{
@_ = ([@_]) if @_ && !ref($_[0]);
my @res;
for (@_) {
my @cur = @$_;
my @attr;
while (@cur) {
my $k = shift @cur;
my $v = shift @cur;
if (defined $v) {
if ($v =~ /[\x00-\x20()<>@,;:\\\"\/\[\]?={}\x7F-\xFF]/ || !length($v)) {
$v =~ s/([\"\\])/\\$1/g; # escape " and \
$k .= qq(="$v");
}
else {
# token
$k .= "=$v";
}
}
push(@attr, $k);
}
push(@res, join("; ", @attr)) if @attr;
}
join(", ", @res);
}
1;
=pod
=encoding UTF-8
=head1 NAME
HTTP::Headers::Util - Header value parsing utility functions
=head1 VERSION
version 6.18
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use HTTP::Headers::Util qw(split_header_words);
@values = split_header_words($h->header("Content-Type"));
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This module provides a few functions that helps parsing and
construction of valid HTTP header values. None of the functions are
exported by default.
The following functions are available:
=over 4
=item split_header_words( @header_values )
This function will parse the header values given as argument into a
list of anonymous arrays containing key/value pairs. The function
knows how to deal with ",", ";" and "=" as well as quoted values after
"=". A list of space separated tokens are parsed as if they were
separated by ";".
If the @header_values passed as argument contains multiple values,
then they are treated as if they were a single value separated by
comma ",".
This means that this function is useful for parsing header fields that
follow this syntax (BNF as from the HTTP/1.1 specification, but we relax
the requirement for tokens).
headers = #header
header = (token | parameter) *( [";"] (token | parameter))
token = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or separators>
separators = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@"
| "," | ";" | ":" | "\" | <">
| "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "="
| "{" | "}" | SP | HT
quoted-string = ( <"> *(qdtext | quoted-pair ) <"> )
qdtext = <any TEXT except <">>
quoted-pair = "\" CHAR
parameter = attribute "=" value
attribute = token
value = token | quoted-string
Each I<header> is represented by an anonymous array of key/value
pairs. The keys will be all be forced to lower case.
The value for a simple token (not part of a parameter) is C<undef>.
Syntactically incorrect headers will not necessarily be parsed as you
would want.
This is easier to describe with some examples:
split_header_words('foo="bar"; port="80,81"; DISCARD, BAR=baz');
split_header_words('text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"');
split_header_words('Basic realm="\\"foo\\\\bar\\""');
will return
[foo=>'bar', port=>'80,81', discard=> undef], [bar=>'baz' ]
['text/html' => undef, charset => 'iso-8859-1']
[basic => undef, realm => "\"foo\\bar\""]
If you don't want the function to convert tokens and attribute keys to
lower case you can call it as C<_split_header_words> instead (with a
leading underscore).
=item join_header_words( @arrays )
This will do the opposite of the conversion done by split_header_words().
It takes a list of anonymous arrays as arguments (or a list of
key/value pairs) and produces a single header value. Attribute values
are quoted if needed.
Example:
join_header_words(["text/plain" => undef, charset => "iso-8859/1"]);
join_header_words("text/plain" => undef, charset => "iso-8859/1");
will both return the string:
text/plain; charset="iso-8859/1"
=back
=head1 AUTHOR
Gisle Aas <gisle@activestate.com>
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 1994-2017 by Gisle Aas.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
=cut
__END__
#ABSTRACT: Header value parsing utility functions