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_range.py
"""Implementation of the Range type and adaptation """ # psycopg/_range.py - Implementation of the Range type and adaptation # # Copyright (C) 2012-2019 Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com> # Copyright (C) 2020-2021 The Psycopg Team # # psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published # by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders give # permission to link this program with the OpenSSL library (or with # modified versions of OpenSSL that use the same license as OpenSSL), # and distribute linked combinations including the two. # # You must obey the GNU Lesser General Public License in all respects for # all of the code used other than OpenSSL. # # psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public # License for more details. import re from psycopg2._psycopg import ProgrammingError, InterfaceError from psycopg2.extensions import ISQLQuote, adapt, register_adapter from psycopg2.extensions import new_type, new_array_type, register_type class Range: """Python representation for a PostgreSQL |range|_ type. :param lower: lower bound for the range. `!None` means unbound :param upper: upper bound for the range. `!None` means unbound :param bounds: one of the literal strings ``()``, ``[)``, ``(]``, ``[]``, representing whether the lower or upper bounds are included :param empty: if `!True`, the range is empty """ __slots__ = ('_lower', '_upper', '_bounds') def __init__(self, lower=None, upper=None, bounds='[)', empty=False): if not empty: if bounds not in ('[)', '(]', '()', '[]'): raise ValueError(f"bound flags not valid: {bounds!r}") self._lower = lower self._upper = upper self._bounds = bounds else: self._lower = self._upper = self._bounds = None def __repr__(self): if self._bounds is None: return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(empty=True)" else: return "{}({!r}, {!r}, {!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self._lower, self._upper, self._bounds) def __str__(self): if self._bounds is None: return 'empty' items = [ self._bounds[0], str(self._lower), ', ', str(self._upper), self._bounds[1] ] return ''.join(items) @property def lower(self): """The lower bound of the range. `!None` if empty or unbound.""" return self._lower @property def upper(self): """The upper bound of the range. `!None` if empty or unbound.""" return self._upper @property def isempty(self): """`!True` if the range is empty.""" return self._bounds is None @property def lower_inf(self): """`!True` if the range doesn't have a lower bound.""" if self._bounds is None: return False return self._lower is None @property def upper_inf(self): """`!True` if the range doesn't have an upper bound.""" if self._bounds is None: return False return self._upper is None @property def lower_inc(self): """`!True` if the lower bound is included in the range.""" if self._bounds is None or self._lower is None: return False return self._bounds[0] == '[' @property def upper_inc(self): """`!True` if the upper bound is included in the range.""" if self._bounds is None or self._upper is None: return False return self._bounds[1] == ']' def __contains__(self, x): if self._bounds is None: return False if self._lower is not None: if self._bounds[0] == '[': if x < self._lower: return False else: if x <= self._lower: return False if self._upper is not None: if self._bounds[1] == ']': if x > self._upper: return False else: if x >= self._upper: return False return True def __bool__(self): return self._bounds is not None def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, Range): return False return (self._lower == other._lower and self._upper == other._upper and self._bounds == other._bounds) def __ne__(self, other): return not self.__eq__(other) def __hash__(self): return hash((self._lower, self._upper, self._bounds)) # as the postgres docs describe for the server-side stuff, # ordering is rather arbitrary, but will remain stable # and consistent. def __lt__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, Range): return NotImplemented for attr in ('_lower', '_upper', '_bounds'): self_value = getattr(self, attr) other_value = getattr(other, attr) if self_value == other_value: pass elif self_value is None: return True elif other_value is None: return False else: return self_value < other_value return False def __le__(self, other): if self == other: return True else: return self.__lt__(other) def __gt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Range): return other.__lt__(self) else: return NotImplemented def __ge__(self, other): if self == other: return True else: return self.__gt__(other) def __getstate__(self): return {slot: getattr(self, slot) for slot in self.__slots__ if hasattr(self, slot)} def __setstate__(self, state): for slot, value in state.items(): setattr(self, slot, value) def register_range(pgrange, pyrange, conn_or_curs, globally=False): """Create and register an adapter and the typecasters to convert between a PostgreSQL |range|_ type and a PostgreSQL `Range` subclass. :param pgrange: the name of the PostgreSQL |range| type. Can be schema-qualified :param pyrange: a `Range` strict subclass, or just a name to give to a new class :param conn_or_curs: a connection or cursor used to find the oid of the range and its subtype; the typecaster is registered in a scope limited to this object, unless *globally* is set to `!True` :param globally: if `!False` (default) register the typecaster only on *conn_or_curs*, otherwise register it globally :return: `RangeCaster` instance responsible for the conversion If a string is passed to *pyrange*, a new `Range` subclass is created with such name and will be available as the `~RangeCaster.range` attribute of the returned `RangeCaster` object. The function queries the database on *conn_or_curs* to inspect the *pgrange* type and raises `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` if the type is not found. If querying the database is not advisable, use directly the `RangeCaster` class and register the adapter and typecasters using the provided functions. """ caster = RangeCaster._from_db(pgrange, pyrange, conn_or_curs) caster._register(not globally and conn_or_curs or None) return caster class RangeAdapter: """`ISQLQuote` adapter for `Range` subclasses. This is an abstract class: concrete classes must set a `name` class attribute or override `getquoted()`. """ name = None def __init__(self, adapted): self.adapted = adapted def __conform__(self, proto): if self._proto is ISQLQuote: return self def prepare(self, conn): self._conn = conn def getquoted(self): if self.name is None: raise NotImplementedError( 'RangeAdapter must be subclassed overriding its name ' 'or the getquoted() method') r = self.adapted if r.isempty: return b"'empty'::" + self.name.encode('utf8') if r.lower is not None: a = adapt(r.lower) if hasattr(a, 'prepare'): a.prepare(self._conn) lower = a.getquoted() else: lower = b'NULL' if r.upper is not None: a = adapt(r.upper) if hasattr(a, 'prepare'): a.prepare(self._conn) upper = a.getquoted() else: upper = b'NULL' return self.name.encode('utf8') + b'(' + lower + b', ' + upper \ + b", '" + r._bounds.encode('utf8') + b"')" class RangeCaster: """Helper class to convert between `Range` and PostgreSQL range types. Objects of this class are usually created by `register_range()`. Manual creation could be useful if querying the database is not advisable: in this case the oids must be provided. """ def __init__(self, pgrange, pyrange, oid, subtype_oid, array_oid=None): self.subtype_oid = subtype_oid self._create_ranges(pgrange, pyrange) name = self.adapter.name or self.adapter.__class__.__name__ self.typecaster = new_type((oid,), name, self.parse) if array_oid is not None: self.array_typecaster = new_array_type( (array_oid,), name + "ARRAY", self.typecaster) else: self.array_typecaster = None def _create_ranges(self, pgrange, pyrange): """Create Range and RangeAdapter classes if needed.""" # if got a string create a new RangeAdapter concrete type (with a name) # else take it as an adapter. Passing an adapter should be considered # an implementation detail and is not documented. It is currently used # for the numeric ranges. self.adapter = None if isinstance(pgrange, str): self.adapter = type(pgrange, (RangeAdapter,), {}) self.adapter.name = pgrange else: try: if issubclass(pgrange, RangeAdapter) \ and pgrange is not RangeAdapter: self.adapter = pgrange except TypeError: pass if self.adapter is None: raise TypeError( 'pgrange must be a string or a RangeAdapter strict subclass') self.range = None try: if isinstance(pyrange, str): self.range = type(pyrange, (Range,), {}) if issubclass(pyrange, Range) and pyrange is not Range: self.range = pyrange except TypeError: pass if self.range is None: raise TypeError( 'pyrange must be a type or a Range strict subclass') @classmethod def _from_db(self, name, pyrange, conn_or_curs): """Return a `RangeCaster` instance for the type *pgrange*. Raise `ProgrammingError` if the type is not found. """ from psycopg2.extensions import STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION from psycopg2.extras import _solve_conn_curs conn, curs = _solve_conn_curs(conn_or_curs) if conn.info.server_version < 90200: raise ProgrammingError("range types not available in version %s" % conn.info.server_version) # Store the transaction status of the connection to revert it after use conn_status = conn.status # Use the correct schema if '.' in name: schema, tname = name.split('.', 1) else: tname = name schema = 'public' # get the type oid and attributes curs.execute("""\ select rngtypid, rngsubtype, typarray from pg_range r join pg_type t on t.oid = rngtypid join pg_namespace ns on ns.oid = typnamespace where typname = %s and ns.nspname = %s; """, (tname, schema)) rec = curs.fetchone() if not rec: # The above algorithm doesn't work for customized seach_path # (#1487) The implementation below works better, but, to guarantee # backwards compatibility, use it only if the original one failed. try: savepoint = False # Because we executed statements earlier, we are either INTRANS # or we are IDLE only if the transaction is autocommit, in # which case we don't need the savepoint anyway. if conn.status == STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION: curs.execute("SAVEPOINT register_type") savepoint = True curs.execute("""\ SELECT rngtypid, rngsubtype, typarray, typname, nspname from pg_range r join pg_type t on t.oid = rngtypid join pg_namespace ns on ns.oid = typnamespace WHERE t.oid = %s::regtype """, (name, )) except ProgrammingError: pass else: rec = curs.fetchone() if rec: tname, schema = rec[3:] finally: if savepoint: curs.execute("ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT register_type") # revert the status of the connection as before the command if conn_status != STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION and not conn.autocommit: conn.rollback() if not rec: raise ProgrammingError( f"PostgreSQL range '{name}' not found") type, subtype, array = rec[:3] return RangeCaster(name, pyrange, oid=type, subtype_oid=subtype, array_oid=array) _re_range = re.compile(r""" ( \(|\[ ) # lower bound flag (?: # lower bound: " ( (?: [^"] | "")* ) " # - a quoted string | ( [^",]+ ) # - or an unquoted string )? # - or empty (not catched) , (?: # upper bound: " ( (?: [^"] | "")* ) " # - a quoted string | ( [^"\)\]]+ ) # - or an unquoted string )? # - or empty (not catched) ( \)|\] ) # upper bound flag """, re.VERBOSE) _re_undouble = re.compile(r'(["\\])\1') def parse(self, s, cur=None): if s is None: return None if s == 'empty': return self.range(empty=True) m = self._re_range.match(s) if m is None: raise InterfaceError(f"failed to parse range: '{s}'") lower = m.group(3) if lower is None: lower = m.group(2) if lower is not None: lower = self._re_undouble.sub(r"\1", lower) upper = m.group(5) if upper is None: upper = m.group(4) if upper is not None: upper = self._re_undouble.sub(r"\1", upper) if cur is not None: lower = cur.cast(self.subtype_oid, lower) upper = cur.cast(self.subtype_oid, upper) bounds = m.group(1) + m.group(6) return self.range(lower, upper, bounds) def _register(self, scope=None): register_type(self.typecaster, scope) if self.array_typecaster is not None: register_type(self.array_typecaster, scope) register_adapter(self.range, self.adapter) class NumericRange(Range): """A `Range` suitable to pass Python numeric types to a PostgreSQL range. PostgreSQL types :sql:`int4range`, :sql:`int8range`, :sql:`numrange` are casted into `!NumericRange` instances. """ pass class DateRange(Range): """Represents :sql:`daterange` values.""" pass class DateTimeRange(Range): """Represents :sql:`tsrange` values.""" pass class DateTimeTZRange(Range): """Represents :sql:`tstzrange` values.""" pass # Special adaptation for NumericRange. Allows to pass number range regardless # of whether they are ints, floats and what size of ints are, which are # pointless in Python world. On the way back, no numeric range is casted to # NumericRange, but only to their subclasses class NumberRangeAdapter(RangeAdapter): """Adapt a range if the subtype doesn't need quotes.""" def getquoted(self): r = self.adapted if r.isempty: return b"'empty'" if not r.lower_inf: # not exactly: we are relying that none of these object is really # quoted (they are numbers). Also, I'm lazy and not preparing the # adapter because I assume encoding doesn't matter for these # objects. lower = adapt(r.lower).getquoted().decode('ascii') else: lower = '' if not r.upper_inf: upper = adapt(r.upper).getquoted().decode('ascii') else: upper = '' return (f"'{r._bounds[0]}{lower},{upper}{r._bounds[1]}'").encode('ascii') # TODO: probably won't work with infs, nans and other tricky cases. register_adapter(NumericRange, NumberRangeAdapter) # Register globally typecasters and adapters for builtin range types. # note: the adapter is registered more than once, but this is harmless. int4range_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange, oid=3904, subtype_oid=23, array_oid=3905) int4range_caster._register() int8range_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange, oid=3926, subtype_oid=20, array_oid=3927) int8range_caster._register() numrange_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange, oid=3906, subtype_oid=1700, array_oid=3907) numrange_caster._register() daterange_caster = RangeCaster('daterange', DateRange, oid=3912, subtype_oid=1082, array_oid=3913) daterange_caster._register() tsrange_caster = RangeCaster('tsrange', DateTimeRange, oid=3908, subtype_oid=1114, array_oid=3909) tsrange_caster._register() tstzrange_caster = RangeCaster('tstzrange', DateTimeTZRange, oid=3910, subtype_oid=1184, array_oid=3911) tstzrange_caster._register()
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