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postgresql
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pg8000.py
# postgresql/pg8000.py # Copyright (C) 2005-2021 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors <see AUTHORS # file> # # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under # the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php r""" .. dialect:: postgresql+pg8000 :name: pg8000 :dbapi: pg8000 :connectstring: postgresql+pg8000://user:password@host:port/dbname[?key=value&key=value...] :url: https://pythonhosted.org/pg8000/ .. note:: The pg8000 dialect is **not tested as part of SQLAlchemy's continuous integration** and may have unresolved issues. The recommended PostgreSQL dialect is psycopg2. .. _pg8000_unicode: Unicode ------- pg8000 will encode / decode string values between it and the server using the PostgreSQL ``client_encoding`` parameter; by default this is the value in the ``postgresql.conf`` file, which often defaults to ``SQL_ASCII``. Typically, this can be changed to ``utf-8``, as a more useful default:: #client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database # encoding client_encoding = utf8 The ``client_encoding`` can be overridden for a session by executing the SQL: SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'utf8'; SQLAlchemy will execute this SQL on all new connections based on the value passed to :func:`_sa.create_engine` using the ``client_encoding`` parameter:: engine = create_engine( "postgresql+pg8000://user:pass@host/dbname", client_encoding='utf8') .. _pg8000_isolation_level: pg8000 Transaction Isolation Level ------------------------------------- The pg8000 dialect offers the same isolation level settings as that of the :ref:`psycopg2 <psycopg2_isolation_level>` dialect: * ``READ COMMITTED`` * ``READ UNCOMMITTED`` * ``REPEATABLE READ`` * ``SERIALIZABLE`` * ``AUTOCOMMIT`` .. versionadded:: 0.9.5 support for AUTOCOMMIT isolation level when using pg8000. .. seealso:: :ref:`postgresql_isolation_level` :ref:`psycopg2_isolation_level` """ # noqa import decimal import re from .base import _DECIMAL_TYPES from .base import _FLOAT_TYPES from .base import _INT_TYPES from .base import PGCompiler from .base import PGDialect from .base import PGExecutionContext from .base import PGIdentifierPreparer from .base import UUID from .json import JSON from ... import exc from ... import processors from ... import types as sqltypes from ... import util from ...sql.elements import quoted_name try: from uuid import UUID as _python_UUID # noqa except ImportError: _python_UUID = None class _PGNumeric(sqltypes.Numeric): def result_processor(self, dialect, coltype): if self.asdecimal: if coltype in _FLOAT_TYPES: return processors.to_decimal_processor_factory( decimal.Decimal, self._effective_decimal_return_scale ) elif coltype in _DECIMAL_TYPES or coltype in _INT_TYPES: # pg8000 returns Decimal natively for 1700 return None else: raise exc.InvalidRequestError( "Unknown PG numeric type: %d" % coltype ) else: if coltype in _FLOAT_TYPES: # pg8000 returns float natively for 701 return None elif coltype in _DECIMAL_TYPES or coltype in _INT_TYPES: return processors.to_float else: raise exc.InvalidRequestError( "Unknown PG numeric type: %d" % coltype ) class _PGNumericNoBind(_PGNumeric): def bind_processor(self, dialect): return None class _PGJSON(JSON): def result_processor(self, dialect, coltype): if dialect._dbapi_version > (1, 10, 1): return None # Has native JSON else: return super(_PGJSON, self).result_processor(dialect, coltype) class _PGUUID(UUID): def bind_processor(self, dialect): if not self.as_uuid: def process(value): if value is not None: value = _python_UUID(value) return value return process def result_processor(self, dialect, coltype): if not self.as_uuid: def process(value): if value is not None: value = str(value) return value return process class PGExecutionContext_pg8000(PGExecutionContext): pass class PGCompiler_pg8000(PGCompiler): def visit_mod_binary(self, binary, operator, **kw): return ( self.process(binary.left, **kw) + " %% " + self.process(binary.right, **kw) ) def post_process_text(self, text): if "%%" in text: util.warn( "The SQLAlchemy postgresql dialect " "now automatically escapes '%' in text() " "expressions to '%%'." ) return text.replace("%", "%%") class PGIdentifierPreparer_pg8000(PGIdentifierPreparer): def _escape_identifier(self, value): value = value.replace(self.escape_quote, self.escape_to_quote) return value.replace("%", "%%") class PGDialect_pg8000(PGDialect): driver = "pg8000" supports_unicode_statements = True supports_unicode_binds = True default_paramstyle = "format" supports_sane_multi_rowcount = True execution_ctx_cls = PGExecutionContext_pg8000 statement_compiler = PGCompiler_pg8000 preparer = PGIdentifierPreparer_pg8000 description_encoding = "use_encoding" colspecs = util.update_copy( PGDialect.colspecs, { sqltypes.Numeric: _PGNumericNoBind, sqltypes.Float: _PGNumeric, JSON: _PGJSON, sqltypes.JSON: _PGJSON, UUID: _PGUUID, }, ) def __init__(self, client_encoding=None, **kwargs): PGDialect.__init__(self, **kwargs) self.client_encoding = client_encoding def initialize(self, connection): self.supports_sane_multi_rowcount = self._dbapi_version >= (1, 9, 14) super(PGDialect_pg8000, self).initialize(connection) @util.memoized_property def _dbapi_version(self): if self.dbapi and hasattr(self.dbapi, "__version__"): return tuple( [ int(x) for x in re.findall( r"(\d+)(?:[-\.]?|$)", self.dbapi.__version__ ) ] ) else: return (99, 99, 99) @classmethod def dbapi(cls): return __import__("pg8000") def create_connect_args(self, url): opts = url.translate_connect_args(username="user") if "port" in opts: opts["port"] = int(opts["port"]) opts.update(url.query) return ([], opts) def is_disconnect(self, e, connection, cursor): return "connection is closed" in str(e) def set_isolation_level(self, connection, level): level = level.replace("_", " ") # adjust for ConnectionFairy possibly being present if hasattr(connection, "connection"): connection = connection.connection if level == "AUTOCOMMIT": connection.autocommit = True elif level in self._isolation_lookup: connection.autocommit = False cursor = connection.cursor() cursor.execute( "SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION " "ISOLATION LEVEL %s" % level ) cursor.execute("COMMIT") cursor.close() else: raise exc.ArgumentError( "Invalid value '%s' for isolation_level. " "Valid isolation levels for %s are %s or AUTOCOMMIT" % (level, self.name, ", ".join(self._isolation_lookup)) ) def set_client_encoding(self, connection, client_encoding): # adjust for ConnectionFairy possibly being present if hasattr(connection, "connection"): connection = connection.connection cursor = connection.cursor() cursor.execute("SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO '" + client_encoding + "'") cursor.execute("COMMIT") cursor.close() def do_begin_twophase(self, connection, xid): connection.connection.tpc_begin((0, xid, "")) def do_prepare_twophase(self, connection, xid): connection.connection.tpc_prepare() def do_rollback_twophase( self, connection, xid, is_prepared=True, recover=False ): connection.connection.tpc_rollback((0, xid, "")) def do_commit_twophase( self, connection, xid, is_prepared=True, recover=False ): connection.connection.tpc_commit((0, xid, "")) def do_recover_twophase(self, connection): return [row[1] for row in connection.connection.tpc_recover()] def on_connect(self): fns = [] def on_connect(conn): conn.py_types[quoted_name] = conn.py_types[util.text_type] fns.append(on_connect) if self.client_encoding is not None: def on_connect(conn): self.set_client_encoding(conn, self.client_encoding) fns.append(on_connect) if self.isolation_level is not None: def on_connect(conn): self.set_isolation_level(conn, self.isolation_level) fns.append(on_connect) if len(fns) > 0: def on_connect(conn): for fn in fns: fn(conn) return on_connect else: return None dialect = PGDialect_pg8000
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