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build_ext.py
"""distutils.command.build_ext Implements the Distutils 'build_ext' command, for building extension modules (currently limited to C extensions, should accommodate C++ extensions ASAP).""" import contextlib import os import re import sys from distutils.core import Command from distutils.errors import * from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler, get_python_version from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_h_filename from distutils.dep_util import newer_group from distutils.extension import Extension from distutils.util import get_platform from distutils import log from site import USER_BASE # An extension name is just a dot-separated list of Python NAMEs (ie. # the same as a fully-qualified module name). extension_name_re = re.compile \ (r'^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*(\.[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)*$') def show_compilers (): from distutils.ccompiler import show_compilers show_compilers() class build_ext(Command): description = "build C/C++ extensions (compile/link to build directory)" # XXX thoughts on how to deal with complex command-line options like # these, i.e. how to make it so fancy_getopt can suck them off the # command line and make it look like setup.py defined the appropriate # lists of tuples of what-have-you. # - each command needs a callback to process its command-line options # - Command.__init__() needs access to its share of the whole # command line (must ultimately come from # Distribution.parse_command_line()) # - it then calls the current command class' option-parsing # callback to deal with weird options like -D, which have to # parse the option text and churn out some custom data # structure # - that data structure (in this case, a list of 2-tuples) # will then be present in the command object by the time # we get to finalize_options() (i.e. the constructor # takes care of both command-line and client options # in between initialize_options() and finalize_options()) sep_by = " (separated by '%s')" % os.pathsep user_options = [ ('build-lib=', 'b', "directory for compiled extension modules"), ('build-temp=', 't', "directory for temporary files (build by-products)"), ('plat-name=', 'p', "platform name to cross-compile for, if supported " "(default: %s)" % get_platform()), ('inplace', 'i', "ignore build-lib and put compiled extensions into the source " + "directory alongside your pure Python modules"), ('include-dirs=', 'I', "list of directories to search for header files" + sep_by), ('define=', 'D', "C preprocessor macros to define"), ('undef=', 'U', "C preprocessor macros to undefine"), ('libraries=', 'l', "external C libraries to link with"), ('library-dirs=', 'L', "directories to search for external C libraries" + sep_by), ('rpath=', 'R', "directories to search for shared C libraries at runtime"), ('link-objects=', 'O', "extra explicit link objects to include in the link"), ('debug', 'g', "compile/link with debugging information"), ('force', 'f', "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"), ('compiler=', 'c', "specify the compiler type"), ('parallel=', 'j', "number of parallel build jobs"), ('swig-cpp', None, "make SWIG create C++ files (default is C)"), ('swig-opts=', None, "list of SWIG command line options"), ('swig=', None, "path to the SWIG executable"), ('user', None, "add user include, library and rpath") ] boolean_options = ['inplace', 'debug', 'force', 'swig-cpp', 'user'] help_options = [ ('help-compiler', None, "list available compilers", show_compilers), ] def initialize_options(self): self.extensions = None self.build_lib = None self.plat_name = None self.build_temp = None self.inplace = 0 self.package = None self.include_dirs = None self.define = None self.undef = None self.libraries = None self.library_dirs = None self.rpath = None self.link_objects = None self.debug = None self.force = None self.compiler = None self.swig = None self.swig_cpp = None self.swig_opts = None self.user = None self.parallel = None def finalize_options(self): from distutils import sysconfig self.set_undefined_options('build', ('build_lib', 'build_lib'), ('build_temp', 'build_temp'), ('compiler', 'compiler'), ('debug', 'debug'), ('force', 'force'), ('parallel', 'parallel'), ('plat_name', 'plat_name'), ) if self.package is None: self.package = self.distribution.ext_package self.extensions = self.distribution.ext_modules # Make sure Python's include directories (for Python.h, pyconfig.h, # etc.) are in the include search path. py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc() plat_py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc(plat_specific=1) if self.include_dirs is None: self.include_dirs = self.distribution.include_dirs or [] if isinstance(self.include_dirs, str): self.include_dirs = self.include_dirs.split(os.pathsep) # If in a virtualenv, add its include directory # Issue 16116 if sys.exec_prefix != sys.base_exec_prefix: self.include_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'include')) # Put the Python "system" include dir at the end, so that # any local include dirs take precedence. self.include_dirs.extend(py_include.split(os.path.pathsep)) if plat_py_include != py_include: self.include_dirs.extend( plat_py_include.split(os.path.pathsep)) self.ensure_string_list('libraries') self.ensure_string_list('link_objects') # Life is easier if we're not forever checking for None, so # simplify these options to empty lists if unset if self.libraries is None: self.libraries = [] if self.library_dirs is None: self.library_dirs = [] elif isinstance(self.library_dirs, str): self.library_dirs = self.library_dirs.split(os.pathsep) if self.rpath is None: self.rpath = [] elif isinstance(self.rpath, str): self.rpath = self.rpath.split(os.pathsep) # for extensions under windows use different directories # for Release and Debug builds. # also Python's library directory must be appended to library_dirs if os.name == 'nt': # the 'libs' directory is for binary installs - we assume that # must be the *native* platform. But we don't really support # cross-compiling via a binary install anyway, so we let it go. self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'libs')) if sys.base_exec_prefix != sys.prefix: # Issue 16116 self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.base_exec_prefix, 'libs')) if self.debug: self.build_temp = os.path.join(self.build_temp, "Debug") else: self.build_temp = os.path.join(self.build_temp, "Release") # Append the source distribution include and library directories, # this allows distutils on windows to work in the source tree self.include_dirs.append(os.path.dirname(get_config_h_filename())) _sys_home = getattr(sys, '_home', None) if _sys_home: self.library_dirs.append(_sys_home) # Use the .lib files for the correct architecture if self.plat_name == 'win32': suffix = 'win32' else: # win-amd64 suffix = self.plat_name[4:] new_lib = os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'PCbuild') if suffix: new_lib = os.path.join(new_lib, suffix) self.library_dirs.append(new_lib) # For extensions under Cygwin, Python's library directory must be # appended to library_dirs if sys.platform[:6] == 'cygwin': if sys.executable.startswith(os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, "bin")): # building third party extensions self.library_dirs.append(os.path.join(sys.prefix, "lib", "python" + get_python_version(), "config")) else: # building python standard extensions self.library_dirs.append('.') # For building extensions with a shared Python library, # Python's library directory must be appended to library_dirs # See Issues: #1600860, #4366 if (sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_ENABLE_SHARED')): if not sysconfig.python_build: # building third party extensions self.library_dirs.append(sysconfig.get_config_var('LIBDIR')) else: # building python standard extensions self.library_dirs.append('.') # The argument parsing will result in self.define being a string, but # it has to be a list of 2-tuples. All the preprocessor symbols # specified by the 'define' option will be set to '1'. Multiple # symbols can be separated with commas. if self.define: defines = self.define.split(',') self.define = [(symbol, '1') for symbol in defines] # The option for macros to undefine is also a string from the # option parsing, but has to be a list. Multiple symbols can also # be separated with commas here. if self.undef: self.undef = self.undef.split(',') if self.swig_opts is None: self.swig_opts = [] else: self.swig_opts = self.swig_opts.split(' ') # Finally add the user include and library directories if requested if self.user: user_include = os.path.join(USER_BASE, "include") user_lib = os.path.join(USER_BASE, "lib") if os.path.isdir(user_include): self.include_dirs.append(user_include) if os.path.isdir(user_lib): self.library_dirs.append(user_lib) self.rpath.append(user_lib) if isinstance(self.parallel, str): try: self.parallel = int(self.parallel) except ValueError: raise DistutilsOptionError("parallel should be an integer") def run(self): from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler # 'self.extensions', as supplied by setup.py, is a list of # Extension instances. See the documentation for Extension (in # distutils.extension) for details. # # For backwards compatibility with Distutils 0.8.2 and earlier, we # also allow the 'extensions' list to be a list of tuples: # (ext_name, build_info) # where build_info is a dictionary containing everything that # Extension instances do except the name, with a few things being # differently named. We convert these 2-tuples to Extension # instances as needed. if not self.extensions: return # If we were asked to build any C/C++ libraries, make sure that the # directory where we put them is in the library search path for # linking extensions. if self.distribution.has_c_libraries(): build_clib = self.get_finalized_command('build_clib') self.libraries.extend(build_clib.get_library_names() or []) self.library_dirs.append(build_clib.build_clib) # Setup the CCompiler object that we'll use to do all the # compiling and linking self.compiler = new_compiler(compiler=self.compiler, verbose=self.verbose, dry_run=self.dry_run, force=self.force) customize_compiler(self.compiler) # If we are cross-compiling, init the compiler now (if we are not # cross-compiling, init would not hurt, but people may rely on # late initialization of compiler even if they shouldn't...) if os.name == 'nt' and self.plat_name != get_platform(): self.compiler.initialize(self.plat_name) # And make sure that any compile/link-related options (which might # come from the command-line or from the setup script) are set in # that CCompiler object -- that way, they automatically apply to # all compiling and linking done here. if self.include_dirs is not None: self.compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs) if self.define is not None: # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples for (name, value) in self.define: self.compiler.define_macro(name, value) if self.undef is not None: for macro in self.undef: self.compiler.undefine_macro(macro) if self.libraries is not None: self.compiler.set_libraries(self.libraries) if self.library_dirs is not None: self.compiler.set_library_dirs(self.library_dirs) if self.rpath is not None: self.compiler.set_runtime_library_dirs(self.rpath) if self.link_objects is not None: self.compiler.set_link_objects(self.link_objects) # Now actually compile and link everything. self.build_extensions() def check_extensions_list(self, extensions): """Ensure that the list of extensions (presumably provided as a command option 'extensions') is valid, i.e. it is a list of Extension objects. We also support the old-style list of 2-tuples, where the tuples are (ext_name, build_info), which are converted to Extension instances here. Raise DistutilsSetupError if the structure is invalid anywhere; just returns otherwise. """ if not isinstance(extensions, list): raise DistutilsSetupError( "'ext_modules' option must be a list of Extension instances") for i, ext in enumerate(extensions): if isinstance(ext, Extension): continue # OK! (assume type-checking done # by Extension constructor) if not isinstance(ext, tuple) or len(ext) != 2: raise DistutilsSetupError( "each element of 'ext_modules' option must be an " "Extension instance or 2-tuple") ext_name, build_info = ext log.warn("old-style (ext_name, build_info) tuple found in " "ext_modules for extension '%s' " "-- please convert to Extension instance", ext_name) if not (isinstance(ext_name, str) and extension_name_re.match(ext_name)): raise DistutilsSetupError( "first element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' " "must be the extension name (a string)") if not isinstance(build_info, dict): raise DistutilsSetupError( "second element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' " "must be a dictionary (build info)") # OK, the (ext_name, build_info) dict is type-safe: convert it # to an Extension instance. ext = Extension(ext_name, build_info['sources']) # Easy stuff: one-to-one mapping from dict elements to # instance attributes. for key in ('include_dirs', 'library_dirs', 'libraries', 'extra_objects', 'extra_compile_args', 'extra_link_args'): val = build_info.get(key) if val is not None: setattr(ext, key, val) # Medium-easy stuff: same syntax/semantics, different names. ext.runtime_library_dirs = build_info.get('rpath') if 'def_file' in build_info: log.warn("'def_file' element of build info dict " "no longer supported") # Non-trivial stuff: 'macros' split into 'define_macros' # and 'undef_macros'. macros = build_info.get('macros') if macros: ext.define_macros = [] ext.undef_macros = [] for macro in macros: if not (isinstance(macro, tuple) and len(macro) in (1, 2)): raise DistutilsSetupError( "'macros' element of build info dict " "must be 1- or 2-tuple") if len(macro) == 1: ext.undef_macros.append(macro[0]) elif len(macro) == 2: ext.define_macros.append(macro) extensions[i] = ext def get_source_files(self): self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions) filenames = [] # Wouldn't it be neat if we knew the names of header files too... for ext in self.extensions: filenames.extend(ext.sources) return filenames def get_outputs(self): # Sanity check the 'extensions' list -- can't assume this is being # done in the same run as a 'build_extensions()' call (in fact, we # can probably assume that it *isn't*!). self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions) # And build the list of output (built) filenames. Note that this # ignores the 'inplace' flag, and assumes everything goes in the # "build" tree. outputs = [] for ext in self.extensions: outputs.append(self.get_ext_fullpath(ext.name)) return outputs def build_extensions(self): # First, sanity-check the 'extensions' list self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions) if self.parallel: self._build_extensions_parallel() else: self._build_extensions_serial() def _build_extensions_parallel(self): workers = self.parallel if self.parallel is True: workers = os.cpu_count() # may return None try: from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor except ImportError: workers = None if workers is None: self._build_extensions_serial() return with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=workers) as executor: futures = [executor.submit(self.build_extension, ext) for ext in self.extensions] for ext, fut in zip(self.extensions, futures): with self._filter_build_errors(ext): fut.result() def _build_extensions_serial(self): for ext in self.extensions: with self._filter_build_errors(ext): self.build_extension(ext) @contextlib.contextmanager def _filter_build_errors(self, ext): try: yield except (CCompilerError, DistutilsError, CompileError) as e: if not ext.optional: raise self.warn('building extension "%s" failed: %s' % (ext.name, e)) def build_extension(self, ext): sources = ext.sources if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)): raise DistutilsSetupError( "in 'ext_modules' option (extension '%s'), " "'sources' must be present and must be " "a list of source filenames" % ext.name) # sort to make the resulting .so file build reproducible sources = sorted(sources) ext_path = self.get_ext_fullpath(ext.name) depends = sources + ext.depends if not (self.force or newer_group(depends, ext_path, 'newer')): log.debug("skipping '%s' extension (up-to-date)", ext.name) return else: log.info("building '%s' extension", ext.name) # First, scan the sources for SWIG definition files (.i), run # SWIG on 'em to create .c files, and modify the sources list # accordingly. sources = self.swig_sources(sources, ext) # Next, compile the source code to object files. # XXX not honouring 'define_macros' or 'undef_macros' -- the # CCompiler API needs to change to accommodate this, and I # want to do one thing at a time! # Two possible sources for extra compiler arguments: # - 'extra_compile_args' in Extension object # - CFLAGS environment variable (not particularly # elegant, but people seem to expect it and I # guess it's useful) # The environment variable should take precedence, and # any sensible compiler will give precedence to later # command line args. Hence we combine them in order: extra_args = ext.extra_compile_args or [] macros = ext.define_macros[:] for undef in ext.undef_macros: macros.append((undef,)) objects = self.compiler.compile(sources, output_dir=self.build_temp, macros=macros, include_dirs=ext.include_dirs, debug=self.debug, extra_postargs=extra_args, depends=ext.depends) # XXX outdated variable, kept here in case third-part code # needs it. self._built_objects = objects[:] # Now link the object files together into a "shared object" -- # of course, first we have to figure out all the other things # that go into the mix. if ext.extra_objects: objects.extend(ext.extra_objects) extra_args = ext.extra_link_args or [] # Detect target language, if not provided language = ext.language or self.compiler.detect_language(sources) self.compiler.link_shared_object( objects, ext_path, libraries=self.get_libraries(ext), library_dirs=ext.library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs=ext.runtime_library_dirs, extra_postargs=extra_args, export_symbols=self.get_export_symbols(ext), debug=self.debug, build_temp=self.build_temp, target_lang=language) def swig_sources(self, sources, extension): """Walk the list of source files in 'sources', looking for SWIG interface (.i) files. Run SWIG on all that are found, and return a modified 'sources' list with SWIG source files replaced by the generated C (or C++) files. """ new_sources = [] swig_sources = [] swig_targets = {} # XXX this drops generated C/C++ files into the source tree, which # is fine for developers who want to distribute the generated # source -- but there should be an option to put SWIG output in # the temp dir. if self.swig_cpp: log.warn("--swig-cpp is deprecated - use --swig-opts=-c++") if self.swig_cpp or ('-c++' in self.swig_opts) or \ ('-c++' in extension.swig_opts): target_ext = '.cpp' else: target_ext = '.c' for source in sources: (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(source) if ext == ".i": # SWIG interface file new_sources.append(base + '_wrap' + target_ext) swig_sources.append(source) swig_targets[source] = new_sources[-1] else: new_sources.append(source) if not swig_sources: return new_sources swig = self.swig or self.find_swig() swig_cmd = [swig, "-python"] swig_cmd.extend(self.swig_opts) if self.swig_cpp: swig_cmd.append("-c++") # Do not override commandline arguments if not self.swig_opts: for o in extension.swig_opts: swig_cmd.append(o) for source in swig_sources: target = swig_targets[source] log.info("swigging %s to %s", source, target) self.spawn(swig_cmd + ["-o", target, source]) return new_sources def find_swig(self): """Return the name of the SWIG executable. On Unix, this is just "swig" -- it should be in the PATH. Tries a bit harder on Windows. """ if os.name == "posix": return "swig" elif os.name == "nt": # Look for SWIG in its standard installation directory on # Windows (or so I presume!). If we find it there, great; # if not, act like Unix and assume it's in the PATH. for vers in ("1.3", "1.2", "1.1"): fn = os.path.join("c:\\swig%s" % vers, "swig.exe") if os.path.isfile(fn): return fn else: return "swig.exe" else: raise DistutilsPlatformError( "I don't know how to find (much less run) SWIG " "on platform '%s'" % os.name) # -- Name generators ----------------------------------------------- # (extension names, filenames, whatever) def get_ext_fullpath(self, ext_name): """Returns the path of the filename for a given extension. The file is located in `build_lib` or directly in the package (inplace option). """ fullname = self.get_ext_fullname(ext_name) modpath = fullname.split('.') filename = self.get_ext_filename(modpath[-1]) if not self.inplace: # no further work needed # returning : # build_dir/package/path/filename filename = os.path.join(*modpath[:-1]+[filename]) return os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename) # the inplace option requires to find the package directory # using the build_py command for that package = '.'.join(modpath[0:-1]) build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py') package_dir = os.path.abspath(build_py.get_package_dir(package)) # returning # package_dir/filename return os.path.join(package_dir, filename) def get_ext_fullname(self, ext_name): """Returns the fullname of a given extension name. Adds the `package.` prefix""" if self.package is None: return ext_name else: return self.package + '.' + ext_name def get_ext_filename(self, ext_name): r"""Convert the name of an extension (eg. "foo.bar") into the name of the file from which it will be loaded (eg. "foo/bar.so", or "foo\bar.pyd"). """ from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_var ext_path = ext_name.split('.') ext_suffix = get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX') return os.path.join(*ext_path) + ext_suffix def get_export_symbols(self, ext): """Return the list of symbols that a shared extension has to export. This either uses 'ext.export_symbols' or, if it's not provided, "PyInit_" + module_name. Only relevant on Windows, where the .pyd file (DLL) must export the module "PyInit_" function. """ suffix = '_' + ext.name.split('.')[-1] try: # Unicode module name support as defined in PEP-489 # https://peps.python.org/pep-0489/#export-hook-name suffix.encode('ascii') except UnicodeEncodeError: suffix = 'U' + suffix.encode('punycode').replace(b'-', b'_').decode('ascii') initfunc_name = "PyInit" + suffix if initfunc_name not in ext.export_symbols: ext.export_symbols.append(initfunc_name) return ext.export_symbols def get_libraries(self, ext): """Return the list of libraries to link against when building a shared extension. On most platforms, this is just 'ext.libraries'; on Windows, we add the Python library (eg. python20.dll). """ # The python library is always needed on Windows. For MSVC, this # is redundant, since the library is mentioned in a pragma in # pyconfig.h that MSVC groks. The other Windows compilers all seem # to need it mentioned explicitly, though, so that's what we do. # Append '_d' to the python import library on debug builds. if sys.platform == "win32": from distutils._msvccompiler import MSVCCompiler if not isinstance(self.compiler, MSVCCompiler): template = "python%d%d" if self.debug: template = template + '_d' pythonlib = (template % (sys.hexversion >> 24, (sys.hexversion >> 16) & 0xff)) # don't extend ext.libraries, it may be shared with other # extensions, it is a reference to the original list return ext.libraries + [pythonlib] else: # On Android only the main executable and LD_PRELOADs are considered # to be RTLD_GLOBAL, all the dependencies of the main executable # remain RTLD_LOCAL and so the shared libraries must be linked with # libpython when python is built with a shared python library (issue # bpo-21536). # On Cygwin (and if required, other POSIX-like platforms based on # Windows like MinGW) it is simply necessary that all symbols in # shared libraries are resolved at link time. from distutils.sysconfig import get_config_var link_libpython = False if get_config_var('Py_ENABLE_SHARED'): # A native build on an Android device or on Cygwin if hasattr(sys, 'getandroidapilevel'): link_libpython = True elif sys.platform == 'cygwin': link_libpython = True elif '_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM' in os.environ: # We are cross-compiling for one of the relevant platforms if get_config_var('ANDROID_API_LEVEL') != 0: link_libpython = True elif get_config_var('MACHDEP') == 'cygwin': link_libpython = True if link_libpython: ldversion = get_config_var('LDVERSION') return ext.libraries + ['python' + ldversion] return ext.libraries
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