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node.1
.\" .\" This manpage is written in mdoc(7). .\" .\" * Language reference: .\" https://man.openbsd.org/mdoc.7 .\" .\" * Linting changes: .\" mandoc -Wall -Tlint /path/to/this.file # BSD .\" groff -w all -z /path/to/this.file # GNU/Linux, macOS .\" .\" .\" Before making changes, please note the following: .\" .\" * In Roff, each new sentence should begin on a new line. This gives .\" the Roff formatter better control over text-spacing, line-wrapping, .\" and paragraph justification. .\" .\" * Do not leave blank lines in the markup. If whitespace is desired .\" for readability, put a dot in the first column to indicate a null/empty .\" command. Comments and horizontal whitespace may optionally follow: each .\" of these lines are an example of a null command immediately followed by .\" a comment. .\" .\"====================================================================== . .tr -\-^\(ha~\(ti`\(ga .Dd 2018 .Dt NODE 1 . .Sh NAME .Nm node .Nd server-side JavaScript runtime . .\"====================================================================== .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm node .Op Ar options .Op Ar v8-options .Op Fl e Ar string | Ar script.js | Fl .Op Fl - .Op Ar arguments ... . .Nm node .Cm inspect .Op Fl e Ar string | Ar script.js | Fl | Ar <host>:<port> .Ar ... . .Nm node .Op Fl -v8-options . .\"====================================================================== .Sh DESCRIPTION Node.js is a set of libraries for JavaScript which allows it to be used outside of the browser. It is primarily focused on creating simple, easy-to-build network clients and servers. .Pp Execute .Nm without arguments to start a REPL. . .Sh OPTIONS .Bl -tag -width 6n .It Sy - Alias for stdin, analogous to the use of - in other command-line utilities. The executed script is read from stdin, and remaining arguments are passed to the script. . .It Fl - Indicate the end of command-line options. Pass the rest of the arguments to the script. .Pp If no script filename or eval/print script is supplied prior to this, then the next argument will be used as a script filename. . .It Fl -abort-on-uncaught-exception Aborting instead of exiting causes a core file to be generated for analysis. . .It Fl -allow-fs-read Allow file system read access when using the permission model. . .It Fl -allow-fs-write Allow file system write access when using the permission model. . .It Fl -allow-addons Allow using native addons when using the permission model. . .It Fl -allow-child-process Allow spawning process when using the permission model. . .It Fl -allow-wasi Allow execution of WASI when using the permission model. . .It Fl -allow-worker Allow creating worker threads when using the permission model. . .It Fl -completion-bash Print source-able bash completion script for Node.js. . .It Fl C , Fl -conditions Ar string Use custom conditional exports conditions. .Ar string . .It Fl -cpu-prof Start the V8 CPU profiler on start up, and write the CPU profile to disk before exit. If .Fl -cpu-prof-dir is not specified, the profile will be written to the current working directory with a generated file name. . .It Fl -cpu-prof-dir The directory where the CPU profiles generated by .Fl -cpu-prof will be placed. The default value is controlled by the .Fl -diagnostic-dir . command-line option. . .It Fl -cpu-prof-interval The sampling interval in microseconds for the CPU profiles generated by .Fl -cpu-prof . The default is .Sy 1000 . . .It Fl -cpu-prof-name File name of the V8 CPU profile generated with .Fl -cpu-prof . . .It Fl -diagnostic-dir Set the directory for all diagnostic output files. Default is current working directory. Set the directory to which all diagnostic output files will be written to. Defaults to current working directory. . Affects the default output directory of: .Fl -cpu-prof-dir . .Fl -heap-prof-dir . .Fl -redirect-warnings . . .It Fl -disable-proto Ns = Ns Ar mode Disable the `Object.prototype.__proto__` property. If .Ar mode is `delete`, the property will be removed entirely. If .Ar mode is `throw`, accesses to the property will throw an exception with the code `ERR_PROTO_ACCESS`. . .It Fl -disable-wasm-trap-handler Ns = Ns Ar mode Disable trap-handler-based WebAssembly bound checks and fall back to inline bound checks so that WebAssembly can be run with limited virtual memory. . .It Fl -disallow-code-generation-from-strings Make built-in language features like `eval` and `new Function` that generate code from strings throw an exception instead. This does not affect the Node.js `vm` module. . .It Fl -enable-fips Enable FIPS-compliant crypto at startup. Requires Node.js to be built with .Sy ./configure --openssl-fips . . .It Fl -enable-source-maps Enable Source Map V3 support for stack traces. . .It Fl -entry-url Interpret the entry point as a URL. . .It Fl -experimental-default-type Ns = Ns Ar type Interpret as either ES modules or CommonJS modules input via --eval or STDIN, when --input-type is unspecified; .js or extensionless files with no sibling or parent package.json; .js or extensionless files whose nearest parent package.json lacks a "type" field, unless under node_modules. . .It Fl -experimental-import-meta-resolve Enable experimental ES modules support for import.meta.resolve(). . .It Fl -experimental-loader Ns = Ns Ar module Specify the .Ar module to use as a custom module loader. . .It Fl -experimental-permission Enable the experimental permission model. . .It Fl -experimental-shadow-realm Use this flag to enable ShadowRealm support. . .It Fl -experimental-sqlite Enable the experimental node:sqlite module. . .It Fl -experimental-test-coverage Enable code coverage in the test runner. . .It Fl -experimental-test-isolation Ns = Ns Ar mode Configures the type of test isolation used in the test runner. . .It Fl -experimental-test-module-mocks Enable module mocking in the test runner. . .It Fl -experimental-test-snapshots Enable snapshot testing in the test runner. . .It Fl -experimental-strip-types Enable experimental type-stripping for TypeScript files. . .It Fl -experimental-transform-types Enable transformation of TypeScript-only syntax into JavaScript code. . .It Fl -experimental-eventsource Enable experimental support for the EventSource Web API. . .It Fl -no-experimental-fetch Disable experimental support for the Fetch API. . .It Fl -no-experimental-websocket Disable experimental support for the WebSocket API. . .It Fl -experimental-webstorage Enable experimental support for the Web Storage API. . .It Fl -no-experimental-global-customevent Disable exposition of the CustomEvent on the global scope. . .It Fl -no-experimental-global-webcrypto Disable exposition of the Web Crypto API on the global scope. . .It Fl -no-experimental-repl-await Disable top-level await keyword support in REPL. . .It Fl -experimental-vm-modules Enable experimental ES module support in VM module. . .It Fl -experimental-wasi-unstable-preview1 Enable experimental WebAssembly System Interface support. This flag is no longer required as WASI is enabled by default. . .It Fl -experimental-wasm-modules Enable experimental WebAssembly module support. . .It Fl -force-context-aware Disable loading native addons that are not context-aware. . .It Fl -force-fips Force FIPS-compliant crypto on startup (Cannot be disabled from script code). Same requirements as .Fl -enable-fips . . .It Fl -frozen-intrinsics Enable experimental frozen intrinsics support. . .It Fl -heapsnapshot-near-heap-limit Ns = Ns Ar max_count Generate heap snapshot when the V8 heap usage is approaching the heap limit. No more than the specified number of snapshots will be generated. . .It Fl -heapsnapshot-signal Ns = Ns Ar signal Generate heap snapshot on specified signal. . .It Fl -heap-prof Start the V8 heap profiler on start up, and write the heap profile to disk before exit. If .Fl -heap-prof-dir is not specified, the profile will be written to the current working directory with a generated file name. . .It Fl -heap-prof-dir The directory where the heap profiles generated by .Fl -heap-prof will be placed. The default value is controlled by the .Fl -diagnostic-dir . command-line option. . .It Fl -heap-prof-interval The average sampling interval in bytes for the heap profiles generated by .Fl -heap-prof . The default is .Sy 512 * 1024 . . .It Fl -heap-prof-name File name of the V8 heap profile generated with .Fl -heap-prof . . .It Fl -icu-data-dir Ns = Ns Ar file Specify ICU data load path. Overrides .Ev NODE_ICU_DATA . . .It Fl -input-type Ns = Ns Ar type Set the module resolution type for input via --eval, --print or STDIN. . .It Fl -inspect-brk Ns = Ns Ar [host:]port Activate inspector on .Ar host:port and break at start of user script. . .It Fl -inspect-port Ns = Ns Ar [host:]port Set the .Ar host:port to be used when the inspector is activated. . .It Fl -inspect-publish-uid=stderr,http Specify how the inspector WebSocket URL is exposed. Valid values are .Sy stderr and .Sy http . Default is .Sy stderr,http . . .It Fl -inspect-wait Ns = Ns Ar [host:]port Activate inspector on .Ar host:port and wait for debugger to be attached. . .It Fl -inspect Ns = Ns Ar [host:]port Activate inspector on .Ar host:port . Default is .Sy 127.0.0.1:9229 . .Pp V8 Inspector integration allows attaching Chrome DevTools and IDEs to Node.js instances for debugging and profiling. It uses the Chrome DevTools Protocol. . .It Fl -insecure-http-parser Use an insecure HTTP parser that accepts invalid HTTP headers. This may allow interoperability with non-conformant HTTP implementations. It may also allow request smuggling and other HTTP attacks that rely on invalid headers being accepted. Avoid using this option. . .It Fl -jitless Disable runtime allocation of executable memory. This may be required on some platforms for security reasons. It can also reduce attack surface on other platforms, but the performance impact may be severe. . .Pp This flag is inherited from V8 and is subject to change upstream. It may disappear in a non-semver-major release. . .It Fl -localstorage-file Ns = Ns Ar file The file used to store localStorage data. . .It Fl -max-http-header-size Ns = Ns Ar size Specify the maximum size of HTTP headers in bytes. Defaults to 16 KiB. . .It Fl -napi-modules This option is a no-op. It is kept for compatibility. . .It Fl -no-deprecation Silence deprecation warnings. . .It Fl -no-extra-info-on-fatal-exception Hide extra information on fatal exception that causes exit. . .It Fl -no-force-async-hooks-checks Disable runtime checks for `async_hooks`. These will still be enabled dynamically when `async_hooks` is enabled. . .It Fl -no-addons Disable the `node-addons` exports condition as well as disable loading native addons. When `--no-addons` is specified, calling `process.dlopen` or requiring a native C++ addon will fail and throw an exception. . .It Fl -no-global-search-paths Do not search modules from global paths. . .It Fl -no-warnings Silence all process warnings (including deprecations). . .It Fl -node-memory-debug Enable extra debug checks for memory leaks in Node.js internals. This is usually only useful for developers debugging Node.js itself. . .It Fl -openssl-config Ns = Ns Ar file Load an OpenSSL configuration file on startup. Among other uses, this can be used to enable FIPS-compliant crypto if Node.js is built with .Sy ./configure --openssl-fips . . .It Fl -pending-deprecation Emit pending deprecation warnings. . .It Fl -preserve-symlinks Instructs the module loader to preserve symbolic links when resolving and caching modules other than the main module. . .It Fl -preserve-symlinks-main Instructs the module loader to preserve symbolic links when resolving and caching the main module. . .It Fl -prof Generate V8 profiler output. . .It Fl -prof-process Process V8 profiler output generated using the V8 option .Fl -prof . . .It Fl -redirect-warnings Ns = Ns Ar file Write process warnings to the given .Ar file instead of printing to stderr. . .It Fl -report-compact Write .Sy diagnostic reports in a compact format, single-line JSON. . .It Fl -report-dir Fl -report-directory Location at which the .Sy diagnostic report will be generated. The `file` name may be an absolute path. If it is not, the default directory it will be written to is controlled by the .Fl -diagnostic-dir . command-line option. . .It Fl -report-filename Name of the file to which the .Sy diagnostic report will be written. . .It Fl -report-on-fatalerror Enables the .Sy diagnostic report to be triggered on fatal errors (internal errors within the Node.js runtime such as out of memory) that leads to termination of the application. Useful to inspect various diagnostic data elements such as heap, stack, event loop state, resource consumption etc. to reason about the fatal error. . .It Fl -report-on-signal Enables .Sy diagnostic report to be generated upon receiving the specified (or predefined) signal to the running Node.js process. Default signal is SIGUSR2. . .It Fl -report-signal Sets or resets the signal for .Sy diagnostic report generation (not supported on Windows). Default signal is SIGUSR2. . .It Fl -report-uncaught-exception Enables .Sy diagnostic report to be generated on un-caught exceptions. Useful when inspecting JavaScript stack in conjunction with native stack and other runtime environment data. . .It Fl -secure-heap Ns = Ns Ar n Specify the size of the OpenSSL secure heap. Any value less than 2 disables the secure heap. The default is 0. The value must be a power of two. . .It Fl -secure-heap-min Ns = Ns Ar n Specify the minimum allocation from the OpenSSL secure heap. The default is 2. The value must be a power of two. . .It Fl -test Starts the Node.js command line test runner. . .It Fl -test-concurrency The maximum number of test files that the test runner CLI will execute concurrently. . .It Fl -test-coverage-branches Ns = Ns Ar threshold Require a minimum threshold for branch coverage (0 - 100). . .It Fl -test-coverage-exclude A glob pattern that excludes matching files from the coverage report . .It Fl -test-coverage-functions Ns = Ns Ar threshold Require a minimum threshold for function coverage (0 - 100). . .It Fl -test-coverage-include A glob pattern that only includes matching files in the coverage report . .It Fl -test-coverage-lines Ns = Ns Ar threshold Require a minimum threshold for line coverage (0 - 100). . .It Fl -test-force-exit Configures the test runner to exit the process once all known tests have finished executing even if the event loop would otherwise remain active. . .It Fl -test-name-pattern A regular expression that configures the test runner to only execute tests whose name matches the provided pattern. . .It Fl -test-reporter A test reporter to use when running tests. . .It Fl -test-reporter-destination The destination for the corresponding test reporter. . .It Fl -test-only Configures the test runner to only execute top level tests that have the `only` option set. . .It Fl -test-shard Test suite shard to execute in a format of <index>/<total>. . .It Fl -test-skip-pattern A regular expression that configures the test runner to skip tests whose name matches the provided pattern. . .It Fl -test-timeout A number of milliseconds the test execution will fail after. . .It Fl -test-update-snapshots Regenerates the snapshot file used by the test runner for snapshot testing. . .It Fl -throw-deprecation Throw errors for deprecations. . .It Fl -title Ns = Ns Ar title Specify process.title on startup. . .It Fl -tls-cipher-list Ns = Ns Ar list Specify an alternative default TLS cipher list. Requires Node.js to be built with crypto support. (Default) . .It Fl -tls-keylog Ns = Ns Ar file Log TLS key material to a file. The key material is in NSS SSLKEYLOGFILE format and can be used by software (such as Wireshark) to decrypt the TLS traffic. . .It Fl -tls-max-v1.2 Set default maxVersion to 'TLSv1.2'. Use to disable support for TLSv1.3. . .It Fl -tls-max-v1.3 Set default maxVersion to 'TLSv1.3'. Use to enable support for TLSv1.3. . .It Fl -tls-min-v1.0 Set default minVersion to 'TLSv1'. Use for compatibility with old TLS clients or servers. . .It Fl -tls-min-v1.1 Set default minVersion to 'TLSv1.1'. Use for compatibility with old TLS clients or servers. . .It Fl -tls-min-v1.2 Set default minVersion to 'TLSv1.2'. This is the default for 12.x and later, but the option is supported for compatibility with older Node.js versions. . .It Fl -tls-min-v1.3 Set default minVersion to 'TLSv1.3'. Use to disable support for TLSv1.2 in favour of TLSv1.3, which is more secure. . .It Fl -trace-atomics-wait Print short summaries of calls to .Sy Atomics.wait() . . This flag is deprecated. .It Fl -trace-deprecation Print stack traces for deprecations. . .It Fl -trace-event-categories Ar categories A comma-separated list of categories that should be traced when trace event tracing is enabled using .Fl -trace-events-enabled . . .It Fl -trace-event-file-pattern Ar pattern Template string specifying the filepath for the trace event data, it supports .Sy ${rotation} and .Sy ${pid} . . .It Fl -trace-events-enabled Enable the collection of trace event tracing information. . .It Fl -trace-exit Prints a stack trace whenever an environment is exited proactively, i.e. invoking `process.exit()`. .It Fl -trace-sigint Prints a stack trace on SIGINT. . .It Fl -trace-sync-io Print a stack trace whenever synchronous I/O is detected after the first turn of the event loop. . .It Fl -trace-tls Prints TLS packet trace information to stderr. . .It Fl -trace-uncaught Print stack traces for uncaught exceptions; usually, the stack trace associated with the creation of an .Sy Error is printed, whereas this makes Node.js also print the stack trace associated with throwing the value (which does not need to be an .Sy Error instance). .Pp Enabling this option may affect garbage collection behavior negatively. . .It Fl -trace-warnings Print stack traces for process warnings (including deprecations). . .It Fl -track-heap-objects Track heap object allocations for heap snapshots. . .It Fl -unhandled-rejections=mode Define the behavior for unhandled rejections. Can be one of `strict` (raise an error), `warn` (enforce warnings) or `none` (silence warnings). . .It Fl -use-bundled-ca , Fl -use-openssl-ca Use bundled Mozilla CA store as supplied by current Node.js version or use OpenSSL's default CA store. The default store is selectable at build-time. .Pp The bundled CA store, as supplied by Node.js, is a snapshot of Mozilla CA store that is fixed at release time. It is identical on all supported platforms. .Pp Using OpenSSL store allows for external modifications of the store. For most Linux and BSD distributions, this store is maintained by the distribution maintainers and system administrators. OpenSSL CA store location is dependent on configuration of the OpenSSL library but this can be altered at runtime using environment variables. .Pp See .Ev SSL_CERT_DIR and .Ev SSL_CERT_FILE . . .It Fl -use-largepages Ns = Ns Ar mode Re-map the Node.js static code to large memory pages at startup. If supported on the target system, this will cause the Node.js static code to be moved onto 2 MiB pages instead of 4 KiB pages. .Pp .Ar mode must have one of the following values: `off` (the default value, meaning do not map), `on` (map and ignore failure, reporting it to stderr), or `silent` (map and silently ignore failure). . .It Fl -v8-options Print V8 command-line options. . .It Fl -v8-pool-size Ns = Ns Ar num Set V8's thread pool size which will be used to allocate background jobs. If set to 0 then V8 will choose an appropriate size of the thread pool based on the number of online processors. If the value provided is larger than V8's maximum, then the largest value will be chosen. . .It Fl -zero-fill-buffers Automatically zero-fills all newly allocated Buffer and SlowBuffer instances. . .It Fl c , Fl -check Check the script's syntax without executing it. Exits with an error code if script is invalid. . .It Fl e , Fl -eval Ar string Evaluate .Ar string as JavaScript. . .It Fl h , Fl -help Print command-line options. The output of this option is less detailed than this document. . .It Fl i , Fl -interactive Open the REPL even if stdin does not appear to be a terminal. . .It Fl p , Fl -print Ar string Identical to .Fl e , but prints the result. . .It Fl r , Fl -require Ar module Preload the specified .Ar module at startup. Follows `require()`'s module resolution rules. .Ar module may be either a path to a file, or a Node.js module name. . .It Fl v , Fl -version Print node's version. .El . .\" ===================================================================== .Sh ENVIRONMENT .Bl -tag -width 6n .It Ev FORCE_COLOR Used to enable ANSI colorized output. The value may be one of: .Ar 1 , .Ar true , or .Ar an empty string to indicate 16-color support, .Ar 2 to indicate 256-color support, or .Ar 3 to indicate 16 million-color support. When used and set to a supported value, both the NO_COLOR and NODE_DISABLE_COLORS environment variables are ignored. Any other value will result in colorized output being disabled. . .It Ev NO_COLOR Alias for NODE_DISABLE_COLORS . .It Ev NODE_DEBUG Ar modules... Comma-separated list of core modules that should print debug information. . .It Ev NODE_DEBUG_NATIVE Ar modules... Comma-separated list of C++ core modules that should print debug information. . .It Ev NODE_DISABLE_COLORS When set to .Ar 1 , colors will not be used in the REPL. . .It Ev NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS Ar file When set, the well-known .Dq root CAs (like VeriSign) will be extended with the extra certificates in .Ar file . The file should consist of one or more trusted certificates in PEM format. .Pp If .Ar file is missing or misformatted, a message will be emitted once using .Sy process.emitWarning() , but any errors are otherwise ignored. .Pp This environment variable is ignored when `node` runs as setuid root or has Linux file capabilities set. .Pp The .Ar NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS environment variable is only read when the Node.js process is first launched. Changing the value at runtime using .Ar process.env.NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS has no effect on the current process. . .It Ev NODE_ICU_DATA Ar file Data path for ICU (Intl object) data. Will extend linked-in data when compiled with small-icu support. . .It Ev NODE_NO_WARNINGS When set to .Ar 1 , process warnings are silenced. . .It Ev NODE_OPTIONS Ar options... A space-separated list of command-line .Ar options , which are interpreted as if they had been specified on the command line before the actual command (so they can be overridden). Node.js will exit with an error if an option that is not allowed in the environment is used, such as .Fl -print or a script file. . .It Ev NODE_PATH Ar directories... A colon-separated list of .Ar directories prefixed to the module search path. . .It Ev NODE_PENDING_DEPRECATION When set to .Ar 1 , emit pending deprecation warnings. . .It Ev NODE_PRESERVE_SYMLINKS When set to .Ar 1 , the module loader preserves symbolic links when resolving and caching modules. . .It Ev NODE_REDIRECT_WARNINGS Ar file Write process warnings to the given .Ar file instead of printing to stderr. Equivalent to passing .Fl -redirect-warnings Ar file on the command line. . .It Ev NODE_REPL_HISTORY Ar file Path to the .Ar file used to store persistent REPL history. The default path is .Sy ~/.node_repl_history , which is overridden by this variable. Setting the value to an empty string ("" or " ") will disable persistent REPL history. . .It Ev NODE_REPL_EXTERNAL_MODULE Ar file Path to a Node.js module which will be loaded in place of the built-in REPL. Overriding this value to an empty string (`''`) will use the built-in REPL. . .It Ev NODE_SKIP_PLATFORM_CHECK When set to .Ar 1 , the check for a supported platform is skipped during Node.js startup. Node.js might not execute correctly. Any issues encountered on unsupported platforms will not be fixed. . .It Ev NODE_TLS_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED When set to .Ar 0 , TLS certificate validation is disabled. . .It Ev NODE_V8_COVERAGE Ar dir When set, Node.js writes JavaScript code coverage information to .Ar dir . . .It Ev OPENSSL_CONF Ar file Load an OpenSSL configuration file on startup. Among other uses, this can be used to enable FIPS-compliant crypto if Node.js is built with .Sy ./configure --openssl-fips . .Pp If the .Fl -openssl-config command-line option is used, this environment variable is ignored. . .It Ev SSL_CERT_DIR Ar dir If .Fl -use-openssl-ca is enabled, this overrides and sets OpenSSL's directory containing trusted certificates. . .It Ev SSL_CERT_FILE Ar file If .Fl -use-openssl-ca is enabled, this overrides and sets OpenSSL's file containing trusted certificates. . .It Ev TZ Specify the timezone configuration. . .It Ev UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE Ar size Sets the number of threads used in libuv's threadpool to .Ar size . . .El .\"===================================================================== .Sh BUGS Bugs are tracked in GitHub Issues: .Sy https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues . .\"====================================================================== .Sh COPYRIGHT Copyright Node.js contributors. Node.js is available under the MIT license. . .Pp Node.js also includes external libraries that are available under a variety of licenses. See .Sy https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/HEAD/LICENSE for the full license text. . .\"====================================================================== .Sh SEE ALSO Website: .Sy https://nodejs.org/ . .Pp Documentation: .Sy https://nodejs.org/api/ . .Pp GitHub repository and issue tracker: .Sy https://github.com/nodejs/node
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